Saint Maximus on the two Forms of Christ

97.  To the more diligent students of Holy Scripture the Lord is clearly shown as having two forms. The first is common and more popular, and it can be perceived by many. The text ‘We saw Him and He had no comeliness or beauty’ (Isa. 53:2. LXX) refers to this form. The second is more hidden, and it can be perceived only by a few, that is, by those who have already become like the holy apostles Peter and John, before whom the Lord was transfigured with a glory that overwhelmed the senses (cf. Matt. 17:2). The text ‘Thou art fairer than the children of men’ (Ps. 45:2) refers to this form. The first of these two forms is consonant to beginners; the second to those perfected in spiritual knowledge, in so far as such perfection is possible/The first is an image of the Lord’s initial advent, to which the literal meaning of the Gospel refers, and which by means of suffering purifies those practicing the virtues. The second prefigures the second and glorious advent, in which the spirit of the Gospel is apprehended, and which by means of wisdom transfigures and deifies those imbued with spiritual knowledge: because of the transfiguration of the Logos within them ‘they reflect with unveiled face the glory of the Lord’ (2 Cor. 3:18).

Τοῖς σπουδαιοτέροις τῶν θείων Γραφῶν ἐπιμεληταῖς, δύο ἔχων ἀναφαίνεται μορφὰς ὁ κατὰ Κύριον Λόγος· τὴν μὲν κοινὴν καὶ δημωδεστέραν καὶ οὐκ ὀλίγοις θεατήν, καθ᾿ ἣν λέγεται τό, Εἴδομεν αὐτόν, καὶ οὐκ εἶχεν εἶδος οὐδὲ κάλλος· τὴν δὲ κρυφιωτέραν καὶ ὀλίγοις ἐφικτήν, τοῖς ἤδη κατὰ Πέτρον καὶ Ἰάκωβον καὶ Ἰωάννην, τοὺς ἁγίους ἀποστόλους γεγονόσιν, ἐφ᾿ ὧν ὁ Κύριος μετεμορφώθη πρὸς δόξαν νικῶσαν τὴν αἴσθησιν· καθ᾿ ἣν ἔστιν ὡραῖος κάλλει παρὰ τοὺς υἱοὺς τῶν ἀνθρώπων.  Τούτων δὲ τῶν δύο μορφῶν, ἡ μὲν προτέρα, τοῖς εἰσαγομένοις ἁρμόδιος· ἡ δευτέρα δέ, τοῖς κατὰ τὴν γνῶσιν ὡς ἐφικτὸν τελειωθεῖσιν ἀνάλογος. Καὶ ἡ μέν, τῆς πρώτης τοῦ Κυρίου παρουσίας ἐστὶν εἰκών, ἐφ᾿ ἧς τὸ ῥητὸν τοῦ Εὐαγγελίου θετέον τῆς διὰ παθημάτων καθαιρούσης τοὺς πρακτικούς· ἡ δέ, τῆς δευτέρας καὶ ἐνδόξου παρουσίας ἐστὶ προδιατύπωσις, ἐφ᾿ ἧς τὸ πνεῦμα νοεῖται· τῆς διὰ σοφίας τοὺς γνωστικοὺς μεταμορφούσης πρὸς θέωσιν· ἐκ τῆς ἐν αὐτοῖς τοῦ λόγου μεταμορφώσεως, ἀνακεκαλυμμένῳ προσώπῳ τὴν δόξαν Κυρίου κατοπτριζομένους.